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What is Empathize in UX/UI Design?
Empathize is the first stage of the design thinking process. Design teams conduct research to get personal grasps of their users’ needs. They set aside assumptions to obtain insights into the users’ world by observing and consulting with users. This way, they can understand users’ experiences, motivations and problems.
“If you want to build a product that’s relevant to people, you need to put yourself in their shoes.”
— Jack Dorsey, Programmer, entrepreneur, co-founder of Twitter & founder of Square
See how to empathize with users to gather a wealth of insights and fuel your design process.
Empathize with Real People – Leave Your Assumptions Outside
Empathize is design thinking’s first stage for a reason. It’s the first step on the road to thoughtfully designed products that prove the designers built with a compassionate eye for their users. Empathy is a naturally occurring characteristic which people have in varying degrees. However, they can improve their ability to empathize as a soft skill. Anyone in a design team will have preconceived ideas about the many situations people find themselves in as users. It’s unavoidable – you can’t unlearn your life experience. Therefore, you should always adopt a beginner’s mindset to be able to view and analyze situations with users objectively.
Empathize is the first stage in the design thinking process.
To empathize is to research. So, you should constantly remind yourself to question everything you observe instead of judging. You should also listen to others open-mindedly rather than focus on points that confirm your biases. Because our biases will naturally creep into how we view the world and the situations we consider, as designers—or design thinkers—we must catch and overcome these before they distort our research. You must become fully objective before you can start to see through your users’ eyes and interpret their viewpoints optimally. They are the experts. You must understand the users’ dimensions of use (e.g., tasks) and their feelings (e.g., motivations) before you can work towards delighting them through your design.
When you empathize you try to understand you users’ perspective.
How to Empathize to Get the Right Insights
You have a range of options, including:
Observing real users. Ask these questions to shift from concrete observations to abstract motivations:
“What?” – You detail your observations.
“How?” – You analyze how users do things (e.g., with difficulty).
“Why?” – You make educated guesses about the users’ emotions and motivations.
Conducting photo- and/or video-based studies in users’ natural environments or sessions with the design team or consultants – You record these users while they try to solve an issue you propose to resolve with your design.
Personal photo/video journals – You ask users to record their own experiences with approaching a problem. These may capture their pain points more accurately.
Interviewing users – Your team uses brainstorming to first find the right questions to ask in a generally structured and natural flow. Then, you can directly ask users for their insights in an intimate setting where they can respond earnestly to open-ended questions.
Engaging with extreme users – You find the extreme cases within your userbase to determine the greatest degrees of users’ needs, problems and problem-solving methods. You can then see the full scope of problems which typical, non-extreme users might run into. If you can satisfy an extreme user, you can satisfy any user.
Analogous empathy – Your team finds effective analogies to draw parallels between users’ problems and problems in other fields. This way, you can get insights you’d otherwise overlook.
Sharing inspiring stories– Your team shares stories about what they have observed so you draw meaning from these and note fascinating details.
Bodystorming – You wear equipment (e.g., goggles, gloves, torso attachments) to gain first-hand experience of your users in their environment.
Empathy maps and customer journey maps – Your team should have at least one of these as a reference point to appreciate the users’ perspectives.
Personas to establish accurate portraits/profiles of users who’ll interact with your product.
Whichever approach/es you take, beware of formulating solutions at this stage. Aim to realistically envision possible scenarios where users experience problems. Empathize is not just a key part of design thinking. It’s also pivotal to user-centered design and user experience (UX) design. When your design team remains aware of your users’ realities and passionate about helping real people solve real problems, you’ll reap precious insights which you can ultimately translate into products your users will love.
Empathy and sympathy are related but distinct concepts. Empathy involves understanding and sharing another person's feelings and experiencing their emotions as if they were your own. It's about stepping into someone's shoes and genuinely feeling with them. On the other hand, sympathy is recognizing another's suffering and offering comfort, often from distance or detachment. Empathy is pivotal in design, allowing designers to connect with users' needs and experiences deeply. The article on interaction-design.org further elaborates on how empathy is integral to design thinking, enabling truly human-centered solutions.
Is empathy a skill?
Yes, empathy is a skill. While some individuals may have a natural inclination towards empathetic understanding, it's a competency that can be honed and developed over time. Empathy is crucial in design, enabling professionals to resonate with users' experiences and needs deeply. Unlike analytical processes, empathy is deeply rooted in the human ability to connect with and understand another person's emotions and experiences. In the context of design, while AI tools offer advancements and efficiency, they fall short in capturing the nuance and depth of human empathy, as discussed in this video on interaction-design.org.
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Instead of sidelining human designers AI might become a valuable partner in the design process AI will not replaces. A person using AI will. You've probably seen this already. And I just want everybody in to think of themselves as the person who will use AI to win the AI race and and thrive in the AI age My personal take on this is that it's far from being able
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to replace designers because of a couple of reasons: The first one being that I can't yet figure out what problems to solve. So essentially, AI can't understand that there is this person that has their own particular background, history, experiences, personality quirks, irrational behavior, so their entire psychological landscape and this person has these needs and these needs manifest themselves in a certain environment in a context.
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And so AI can't yet make those connections. And it doesn't have systems thinking capabilities in the way that us humans have, plus empathy and other things You can already integrate AI into your design workflow to stay ahead of the curve, enhance your capabilities and futureproof your career.
This human-centric emotion remains paramount in crafting meaningful user experiences.
What does empathy mean in design?
Empathy, in design, refers to understanding and sharing users' feelings, needs, and perspectives. It's a foundational step in human-centered design, where designers immerse themselves in the user's world to craft solutions tailored to their genuine requirements. Empathizing doesn't just mean observing; it's about deeply connecting and feeling with the user, ensuring designs resonate on a human level. The significance of empathy in design is highlighted in the article on interaction-design.org, which underscores the transformative power of stories in cultivating this essential skill.
What is empathy in UI/UX design?
In UI/UX design, "empathize" is the initial phase of a five-step design process, as Riley Hunt from the Interaction Design Foundation explains in this video.
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To create great user experiences. UX design teams use a five phase process: Empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. In the empathize phase, teams explore the problem they're trying to solve with the product. User researchers conduct interviews with people affected by the problem and review existing knowledge of the issue. The stage is about knowing what needs to be solved and why.
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At the defined stage, user researchers turn their knowledge into a research plan and conduct more targeted tests. They'll learn more about their users and what they're currently doing to solve the problem. Then they'll put their findings into deliverables. Tools for the UX designers to reference when they start designing solutions. These include: user Journey Maps, to show how users try and solve the problem and present. Personas, which are details of typical users.
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Affinity Diagrams of what those users think, feel, see and do. And "How might we" statements that list the problem teams are trying to solve with the product. In the ideate phase, teams ensure everyone has a shared understanding of the problem. Someone will then lead a brainstorming session where the team will consider solutions for the first time. The team will come up with as many ideas as possible, even if they're silly sounding or impractical. Afterwards, they will evaluate the options and choose the most viable
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and effective solutions from those ideas. In the prototyping phase, the UX designers turn those design ideas into testable prototypes. These prototypes could be low fidelity, digital prototypes or even paper prototypes. The UX designers will do their best to make sure the product is intuitive to use and make multiple versions of those design ideas. In the test phase, researchers get participants to test the prototype and get feedback.
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From that they deliver usability test reports to the designers. Who then make new prototypes based on that feedback. products will get increasingly polished and refined with cycles of testing until a final design is settled on. Then the design will be developed and shipped. You think it's all over here, but not quite. Product development is cyclical and non-linear. The product can still be revamped based on real user feedback, and in that revamp you may repeat some or all of the design phases.
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New information could even set development right back to the planning stage once again.
The Empathize phase is crucial for understanding users deeply and delving into their needs, feelings, and perspectives. It involves UX teams exploring the core problem their product aims to solve. Through user interviews and reviewing existing knowledge, teams gain insights into the user's challenges and motivations. This understanding, grounded in empathy, ensures that subsequent design decisions genuinely resonate with users, making products more intuitive and user-centered. Empathy lays the foundation for creating experiences tailored to real user needs.
What is an example of empathetic design?
Empathetic design deeply understands and addresses users' needs. A classic example is OXO's Good Grips kitchen tools, created after noticing people with arthritis struggling with standard utensils. OXO designed more ergonomic, user-friendly tools by focusing on users' pain points and experiences. For a deeper dive into empathetic design, refer to the Interaction Design Foundation's article, 'Empathy: How to Improve Your Designs by Developing Empathy for Your Target Group.' This piece offers insights and strategies to harness empathy effectively in design projects.
What is lack of empathy in design?
A lack of empathy in design occurs when designers fail to consider, understand and address their users' true needs, feelings, and experiences. This results in products that might be functional or aesthetically pleasing but are not user-friendly or inclusive. Such oversight can lead to reduced user satisfaction, accessibility issues, or design solutions that miss the mark. To grasp the importance of empathy in the design process, explore the Interaction Design Foundation's article on 'Stage 1 in the Design Thinking Process: Empathise with Your Users'. This article underscores the critical role of empathy in creating effective, user-centric designs.
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Do you know this feeling? You have a plane to catch. You arrive at the airport. Well in advance. But you still get stressed. Why is that? Designed with empathy. Bad design versus good design. Let's look into an example of bad design. We can learn from one small screen.
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Yes, it's easy to get an overview of one screen, but look close. The screen only shows one out of three schools. That means that the passengers have to wait for up to 4 minutes to find out where to check in. The airport has many small screenings, but they all show the same small bits of information. This is all because of a lack of empathy. Now, let's empathize with all users airport passengers,
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their overall need to reach their destination. Their goal? Catch their plane in time. Do they have lots of time when they have a plane to catch? Can they get a quick overview of their flights? Do they feel calm and relaxed while waiting for the information which is relevant to them? And by the way, do they all speak Italian? You guessed it, No. Okay. This may sound hilarious to you, but some designers
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actually designed it. Galileo Galilei, because it is the main airport in Tuscany, Italy. They designed an airport where it's difficult to achieve the goal to catch your planes. And it's a stressful experience, isn't it? By default. Stressful to board a plane? No. As a designer, you can empathize with your users needs and the context they're in.
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Empathize to understand which goals they want to achieve. Help them achieve them in the best way by using the insights you've gained through empathy. That means that you can help your users airport passengers fulfill their need to travel to their desired destination, obtain their goal to catch their plane on time. They have a lot of steps to go through in order to catch that plane. Design the experience so each step is as quick and smooth as possible
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so the passengers stay all become calm and relaxed. The well, the designers did their job in Dubai International Airport, despite being the world's busiest airport. The passenger experience here is miles better than in Galileo Galilei. One big screen gives the passengers instant access to the information they need. Passengers can continue to check in right away. This process is fast and creates a calm experience,
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well-organized queues help passengers stay calm and once. Let's see how poorly they designed queues. It's. Dubai airport is efficient and stress free. But can you, as a designer, make it fun and relaxing as well? Yes.
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In cheerful airport in Amsterdam, the designers turned parts of the airport into a relaxing living room with sofas and big piano chairs. The designers help passengers attain a calm and happy feeling by adding elements from nature. They give kids the opportunity to play. Adults can get some revitalizing massage. You can go outside to enjoy a bit of real nature.
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You can help create green energy while you walk out the door. Charge your mobile, buy your own human power while getting some exercise. Use empathy in your design process to see the world through other people's eyes. To see what they see, feel what they feel and experience things as they do. This is not only about airport design. You can use these insights when you design
The five stages of design thinking, as highlighted in the video by the Interaction Design Foundation, encompass a non-linear, iterative process that drives innovative solutions. These five stages are:
Empathize: Understand users' needs and feelings.
Define: Clarify the problem.
Ideate: Generate potential solutions.
Prototype: Turn ideas into testable versions.
Test: Evaluate solutions with users.
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Design thinking improves the world around us every day because of its ability to generate groundbreaking solutions. You can contribute to the future developments in a similar way if you adopt the design thinking mindset into your own work procedures. But first, you need to know what the five phases of design thinking are. And that's what this video will teach you. Design thinking is a *non-linear, iterative process* that can have anywhere from three to seven phases, depending on who you talk to.
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The model we chose to focus on here at IxDF has five. As we mentioned, the design thinking process is *non-linear* and *iterative*. This means you don't have to follow the five phases in any particular order. You can carry out the stages in parallel or repeat them and circle back to a previous stage at any point in the process. Basically, don't ever think these pieces are set in stone. The whole point of design thinking is that it allows you to work in a *dynamic way* to *develop and launch innovative ideas*.
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There's no need to use design thinking as a step-by-step process, unless the situation calls for it. Now, you may wonder why we chose to focus on *this* particular variation of the design thinking process. We picked the *5-phase model* because it's the one proposed by the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford. Actually, you may have heard it called its more common name: the d-school. They are world-renowned for the way they teach and apply design thinking. So, who better to take inspiration and learn from? And there's no need to worry; you won't miss out!
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Regardless of which design thinking model you personally choose to focus on, all variants embody the same principles which were first described in 1969 by Nobel Prize laureate Herbert Simon when he wrote *The Sciences of the Artificial*. We hope this short video has given you a good introduction to the five phases of design thinking. We can't wait for you to learn more about this revolutionary process!
Video copyright info
Hasso-Platner Institute Panorama
Ludwig Wilhelm Wall, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
Inspired by the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford, also known as the d-school, this 5-phase model promotes a dynamic approach. Rather than following a strict sequence, designers can loop between stages or work on them concurrently, adapting to the unique requirements of each project.
What is empathy in web design?
Empathy ensures designers prioritize the user's experience in web design, mainly catering to varied abilities and disabilities. According to the video on interaction-design.org, there are four main disability types: blindness (including low vision and color blindness), hearing, cognitive, and motor impairments. The video with Frank Spillers, CEO of Experience Dynamics, emphasizes that designing with blindness in mind can address 80% of accessibility issues.
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This is mainly due to the significance of keyboard and screen reader accessibility. For instance, screen readers, like VoiceOver on iOS, help blind users by audibly reading out content. Moreover, elements like 'alt-text' on images are essential, as they provide a textual description that screen readers can convey, making the content accessible and aiding in SEO. Thus, empathy in web design ensures that websites are usable, accessible, and inclusive for everyone.
Where to learn more about empathy?
Are you looking to delve deeper into empathy in design? The Interaction Design Foundation offers an extensive course on Design Thinking: The Ultimate Guide. This course provides comprehensive insights into the heart as a crucial step in the design thinking process. Enhance your understanding and skills by exploring real-world examples, expert-led content, and actionable strategies. Whether you're a beginner or a seasoned designer, this course is the perfect resource for mastering empathy in design.
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Some of the world’s leading brands, such as Apple, Google, Samsung, and General Electric, have rapidly adopted the design thinking approach, and design thinking is being taught at leading universities around the world, including Stanford d.school, Harvard, and MIT. What is design thinking, and why is it so popular and effective?
Design Thinking is not exclusive to designers—all great innovators in literature, art, music, science, engineering and business have practiced it. So, why call it Design Thinking? Well, that’s because design work processes help us systematically extract, teach, learn and apply human-centered techniques to solve problems in a creative and innovative way—in our designs, businesses, countries and lives. And that’s what makes it so special.
The overall goal of this design thinking course is to help you design better products, services, processes, strategies, spaces, architecture, and experiences. Design thinking helps you and your team develop practical and innovative solutions for your problems. It is a human-focused, prototype-driven, innovative design process. Through this course, you will develop a solid understanding of the fundamental phases and methods in design thinking, and you will learn how to implement your newfound knowledge in your professional work life. We will give you lots of examples; we will go into case studies, videos, and other useful material, all of which will help you dive further into design thinking. In fact, this course also includes exclusive video content that we've produced in partnership with design leaders like Alan Dix, William Hudson and Frank Spillers!
This course contains a series of practical exercises that build on one another to create a complete design thinking project. The exercises are optional, but you’ll get invaluable hands-on experience with the methods you encounter in this course if you complete them, because they will teach you to take your first steps as a design thinking practitioner. What’s equally important is you can use your work as a case study for your portfolio to showcase your abilities to future employers! A portfolio is essential if you want to step into or move ahead in a career in the world of human-centered design.
Design thinking methods and strategies belong at every level of the design process. However, design thinking is not an exclusive property of designers—all great innovators in literature, art, music, science, engineering, and business have practiced it. What’s special about design thinking is that designers and designers’ work processes can help us systematically extract, teach, learn, and apply these human-centered techniques in solving problems in a creative and innovative way—in our designs, in our businesses, in our countries, and in our lives.
That means that design thinking is not only for designers but also for creative employees, freelancers, and business leaders. It’s for anyone who seeks to infuse an approach to innovation that is powerful, effective and broadly accessible, one that can be integrated into every level of an organization, product, or service so as to drive new alternatives for businesses and society.
You earn a verifiable and industry-trusted Course Certificate once you complete the course. You can highlight them on your resume, CV, LinkedIn profile or your website.
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