Author: I. Scott MacKenzie
Ph.D
Scott MacKenzie is Associate Professor at York University, Canada. His research area includes human-computer interaction with an emphasis on human performance measurement and modeling, experimental methods and evaluation, interaction devices and techniques, alphanumeric entry, language modeling, and mobile computing. He recieved Ph.D in 1992 at the University of Toronto He has more than 100 peer-reviewed publications in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (including more than 30 from the ACM's annual SIGCHI conference) and has given numerous invited talks over the past 20 years. Since 1999, he has been Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at York University, Canada.
Publications
Co-authors
Productive Colleagues
- Bill Buxton
- Abigail Sellen
- Ravin Balakrishnan
- 78
- 81
- 108
Publications
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Felzer, Torsten (2010): SAK: Scanning ambiguous keyboard for efficient one-key text entry. In ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 17 (3) pp. 11. https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1806923.1806925
Majaranta, Päivi, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Aula, Anne, Räihä, Kari-Jouko (2006): Effects of feedback and dwell time on eye typing speed and accuracy. In Universal Access in the Information Society, 5 (2) pp. 199-208. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10209-006-0034-z
Soukoreff, R. William, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2004): Towards a standard for pointing device evaluation, perspectives on 27 years of Fitts\' law. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 61 (6) pp. 751-789. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2004.09.001
Soukoreff, R. William, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2003): Metrics for text entry research: an evaluation of MSD and KSPC, and a new unified error me. In: Cockton, Gilbert, Korhonen, Panu (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2003 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 5-10, 2003, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA. pp. 113-120.
Soukoreff, R. William, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2003): Input-Based Language Modelling in the Design of High Performance Text Input Techniques. In: Graphics Interface 2003 June 11-13, 2003, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. pp. 89-96.
MacKenzie, I. Scott (2002): Introduction to This Special Issue on Text Entry for Mobile Computing. In Human-Computer Interaction, 17 (2) pp. 141-145. https://hci-journal.com/editorial/si-text-entry-intro.pdf
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Soukoreff, R. William (2002): Text Entry for Mobile Computing: Models and Methods, Theory and Practice. In Human-Computer Interaction, 17 (2) pp. 147-198.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Soukoreff, R. William (2002): A Model of Two-Thumb Text Entry. In: Graphics Interface 2002 May 27-29, 2002, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. pp. 117-124.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Kauppinen, Tatu, Silfverberg, Miika (2001): Accuracy Measures for Evaluating Computer Pointing Devices. In: Beaudouin-Lafon, Michel, Jacob, Robert J. K. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2001 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference March 31 - April 5, 2001, Seattle, Washington, USA. pp. 9-16. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/365024/p9-mackenzie/p9-mackenzie.pdf
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Zhang, Shawn X. (2001): An empirical investigation of the novice experience with soft keyboards. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 20 (6) pp. 411-418.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Kober, Hedy, Smith, Derek, Jones, Terry, Skepner, Eugene (2001): LetterWise: prefix-based disambiguation for mobile text input. In: Marks, Joe, Mynatt, Elizabeth D. (eds.) Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology November 11 - 14, 2001, Orlando, Florida. pp. 111-120. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/502348.502365
Silfverberg, Miika, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Kauppinen, Tatu (2001): An Isometric Joystick as a Pointing Device for Handheld Information Terminals. In: Graphics Interface 2001 June 7-9, 2001, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. pp. 119-126.
Silfverberg, Miika, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Korhonen, Panu (2000): Predicting Text Entry Speed on Mobile Phones. In: Turner, Thea, Szwillus, Gerd, Czerwinski, Mary, Peterno, Fabio, Pemberton, Steven (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2000 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 1-6, 2000, The Hague, The Netherlands. pp. 9-16. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/332040/p9-silfverberg/p9-silfverberg.pdf
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Zhang, Shawn X. (1999): The Design and Evaluation of a High-Performance Soft Keyboard. In: Altom, Mark W., Williams, Marian G. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 99 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference May 15-20, 1999, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. pp. 25-31. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/302979/p25-mackenzie/p25-mackenzie.pdf
Douglas, Sarah A., Kirkpatrick, Arthur E., MacKenzie, I. Scott (1999): Testing Pointing Device Performance and User Assessment with the ISO 9241, Part 9 Standard. In: Altom, Mark W., Williams, Marian G. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 99 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference May 15-20, 1999, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. pp. 215-222. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/302979/p215-douglas/p215-douglas.pdf
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Zhang, Shawn X., Soukoreff, R. William (1999): Text Entry Using Soft Keyboards. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 18 (4) pp. 235-244.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Chang, Larry (1999): A Performance Comparison of Two Handwriting Recognizers. In Interacting with Computers, 11 (3) pp. 283-297.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Oniszczak, Aleks (1998): A Comparison of Three Selection Techniques for Touchpads. In: Karat, Clare-Marie, Lund, Arnold, Coutaz, Joëlle, Karat, John (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 98 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 18-23, 1998, Los Angeles, California. pp. 336-343. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/274644/p336-mackenzie/p336-mackenzie.pdf
Bellman, Tom, MacKenzie, I. Scott (1998): A Probabilistic Character Layout Strategy for Mobile Text Entry. In: Graphics Interface 98 June 18-20, 1998, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. pp. 168-176. https://www.graphicsinterface.org/proceedings/1998/146/146.html
Balakrishnan, Ravin, MacKenzie, I. Scott (1997): Performance Differences in the Fingers, Wrist, and Forearm in Computer Input Control. In: Pemberton, Steven (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 97 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference March 22-27, 1997, Atlanta, Georgia. pp. 303-310. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/258549/p303-balakrishnan/p303-balakrishnan.pdf
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Zhang, Shawn X. (1997): The immediate usability of graffiti. In: Graphics Interface 97 May 21-23, 1997, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. pp. 129-137. https://www.graphicsinterface.org/proceedings/1997/MacKenzieZhang
Matias, Edgar, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Buxton, Bill (1996): One-Handed Touch Typing on a QWERTY Keyboard. In Human-Computer Interaction, 11 (1) pp. 1-27. https://www.dgp.toronto.edu/people/ematias/papers/hci96/
Akamatsu, Motoyuki, MacKenzie, I. Scott (1996): Movement Characteristics using a Mouse with Tactile and Force Feedback. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 45 (4) pp. 483-493.
Soukoreff, R. William, MacKenzie, I. Scott (1995): Theoretical Upper and Lower Bounds on Typing Speed using a Stylus and a Soft Keyboard. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 14 (6) pp. 370-379.
McQueen, Craig, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Zhang, Shawn X. (1995): An extended study of numeric entry on pen--based computers. In: Graphics Interface 95 May 17-19, 1995, Quebec, Quebec, Canada. pp. 215-222.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Riddersma, Stan (1994): Effects of Output Display and Control-Display Gain on Human Performance in Interactive Sys. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 13 (5) pp. 328-337.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Nonnecke, Blair, Riddersma, Stan, McQueen, Craig, Meltz, Malcolm (1994): Alphanumeric Entry on Pen-Based Computers. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 41 (5) pp. 775-792.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Buxton, Bill (1994): Prediction of Pointing and Dragging Times in Graphical User Interfaces. In Interacting with Computers, 6 (2) pp. 213-227.
McQueen, Craig, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Nonnecke, Blair, Riddersma, Stan, Meltz, Malcolm (1994): A comparison of four methods of numeric entry on pen--based computers. In: Graphics Interface 94 May 18-20, 1994, Banff, Alberta, Canada. pp. 75-82.
Akamatsu, Motoyuki, Sato, Sigeru, MacKenzie, I. Scott (1994): Multimodal Mouse: A Mouse-Type Device with Tactile and Force Display. In Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 3 (1) pp. 73-80.
Matias, Edgar, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Buxton, Bill (1993): Half-QWERTY: A One-Handed Keyboard Facilitating Skill Transfer from QWERTY. In: Ashlund, Stacey, Mullet, Kevin, Henderson, Austin, Hollnagel, Erik, White, Ted (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 93 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 24-29, 1993, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 88-94. https://www.dgp.toronto.edu/people/ematias/papers/ic93/
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Buxton, Bill (1993): A Tool for the Rapid Evaluation of Input Devices Using Fitts\' Law Models. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 25 (3) pp. 58-63. https://Get mb.Hqx and README via anonymous ftp from snowhite.cis.uoguelph.ca
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Buxton, Bill (1992): Extending Fitts' Law to Two-Dimensional Tasks. In: Bauersfeld, Penny, Bennett, John, Lynch, Gene (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 92 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference June 3-7, 1992, Monterey, California. pp. 219-226. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/142750/p219-mackenzie/p219-mackenzie.pdf
MacKenzie, I. Scott (1992): Fitts' Law as a Research and Design Tool in Human-Computer Interaction. In Human-Computer Interaction, 7 (1) pp. 91-139.
MacKenzie, I. Scott (1992): Movement time prediction in human--computer interfaces. In: Graphics Interface 92 May 11-15, 1992, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. pp. 140-150.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Sellen, Abigail, Buxton, Bill (1991): A Comparison of Input Devices in Elemental Pointing and Dragging Tasks. In: Robertson, Scott P., Olson, Gary M., Olson, Judith S. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 91 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 28 - June 5, 1991, New Orleans, Louisiana. pp. 161-166. https://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/chi/108844/p161-mackenzie/p161-mackenzie.pdf
MacKenzie, I. Scott (1989): A Note On the Information Theoretic Basis for Fitts\' Law. In Journal of Motor Behavior, 21 (0) pp. 323-330.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Soukoreff, R. William (2002): A character-level error analysis technique for evaluating text entry methods. In: Proceedings of the Second Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction October 19-23, 2002, Aarhus, Denmark. pp. 243-246. https://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=572020.572056
Oniszczak, Aleks, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2004): A comparison of two input methods for keypads on mobile devices. In: Proceedings of the Third Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction October 23-27, 2004, Tampere, Finland. pp. 101-104. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1028014.1028030
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Chen, Javier, Oniszczak, Aleks (2006): Unipad: single stroke text entry with language-based acceleration. In: Proceedings of the Fourth Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction , 2006, . pp. 78-85. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1182475.1182484
Klochek, Chris, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2006): Performance measures of game controllers in a three-dimensional environment. In: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Graphics Interface , 2006, . pp. 73-79. https://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1143079.1143092
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Nonnecke, R. Blair, McQueen, J. Craig, Riddersma, Stan, Meltz, Malcolm (1994): A Comparison of Three Methods of Character Entry on Pen-Based Computers. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting , 1994, . pp. 330-334.
Kulikov, Sergey, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Stuerzlinger, Wolfgang (2005): Measuring the effective parameters of steering motions. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , 2005, . pp. 1569-1572. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1056808.1056968
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Oniszczak, Aleks (1997): The Tactile Touchpad. In: Extended Abstracts of the ACM SIGCHI 97 , 1997, . pp. 309-310.
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Ware, Colin (1993): Lag As a Determinant of Human Performance in Interactive Systems. In: Proceedings of ACM INTERCHI 93 , 1993, . pp. 488-493.
Castellucci, Steven J., MacKenzie, I. Scott (2008): Graffiti vs. unistrokes: an empirical comparison. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008, . pp. 305-308. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1357054.1357106
Wobbrock, Jacob O., Cutrell, Edward, Harada, Susumu, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2008): An error model for pointing based on Fitts\' law. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008, . pp. 1613-1622. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1357054.1357306
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Isokoski, Poika (2008): Fitts\' throughput and the speed-accuracy tradeoff. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008, . pp. 1633-1636. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1357054.1357308
Tinwala, Hussain, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2008): Letterscroll: text entry using a wheel for visually impaired users. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008, . pp. 3153-3158. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1358628.1358823
Castellucci, Steven J., MacKenzie, I. Scott (2008): Unigest: text entry using three degrees of motion. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008, . pp. 3549-3554. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1358628.1358889
Fazl-Ersi, Ehsan, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Tsotsos, John K. (2008): sLab: smart labeling of family photos through an interactive interface. In: JCDL08 Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries , 2008, . pp. 351-354. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1378889.1378949
MacKenzie, I. Scott (2009): Citedness, uncitedness, and the murky world between. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , 2009, . pp. 2545-2554. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1520340.1520360
MacKenzie, I. Scott (2002): KSPC (Keystrokes per Character) as a Characteristic of Text Entry Techniques. In: Paterno, Fabio (eds.) Mobile Human-Computer Interaction - 4th International Symposium - Mobile HCI 2002 September 18-20, 2002, Pisa, Italy. pp. 195-210. https://link.springer.de/link/service/series/0558/bibs/2411/24110195.htm
Miniotas, Darius, Spakov, Oleg, Tugoy, Ivan, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2006): Speech-augmented eye gaze interaction with small closely spaced targets. In: Räihä, Kari-Jouko, Duchowski, Andrew T. (eds.) ETRA 2006 - Proceedings of the Eye Tracking Research and Application Symposium March 27-29, 2006, San Diego, California, USA. pp. 67-72. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1117309.1117345
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Zhang, Xuang (2008): Eye typing using word and letter prediction and a fixation algorithm. In: Räihä, Kari-Jouko, Duchowski, Andrew T. (eds.) ETRA 2008 - Proceedings of the Eye Tracking Research and Application Symposium March 26-28, 2008, Savannah, Georgia, USA. pp. 55-58. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1344471.1344484
Gong, Jun, Tarasewich, Peter, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2008): Improved word list ordering for text entry on ambiguous keypads. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction , 2008, . pp. 152-161. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1463160.1463177
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Jusoh, Shaidah (2001): An Evaluation of Two Input Devices for Remote Pointing. In: Little, Murray Reed, Nigay, Laurence (eds.) EHCI 2001 - Engineering for Human-Computer Interaction, 8th IFIP International Conference May 11-13, 2001, Toronto, Canada. pp. 235-250. https://link.springer.de/link/service/series/0558/bibs/2254/22540235.htm
Zhang, Xuan, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2007): Evaluating Eye Tracking with ISO 9241 - Part 9. In: Jacko, Julie A. (eds.) HCI International 2007 - 12th International Conference - Part III , 2007, . pp. 779-788. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73110-8_85
Tinwala, Hussain, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2010): Eyes-free text entry with error correction on touchscreen mobile devices. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction , 2010, . pp. 511-520. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1868914.1868972
Sasangohar, Farzan, MacKenzie, I. Scott, Scott, Stacey D. (2009): Evaluation of Mouse and Touch Input for a Tabletop Display Using Fitts' Reciprocal Tapping. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 53rd Annual Meeting , 2009, . pp. 839-843. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/hfes/hfproc/2009/00000053/00000012/art00016
MacKenzie, I. Scott (2009): The one-key challenge: searching for a fast one-key text entry method. In: Eleventh Annual ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Assistive Technologies , 2009, . pp. 91-98. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1639642.1639660
Natapov, Daniel, Castellucci, Steven J., MacKenzie, I. Scott (2009): ISO 9241-9 evaluation of video game controllers. In: Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Graphics Interface , 2009, . pp. 223-230. https://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1555880.1555930
Sporka, Adam J., Felzer, Torsten, Kurniawan, Sri H., Polác;ek, A Ondr;ej, Haiduk, Paul, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2011): CHANTI: predictive text entry using non-verbal vocal input. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2011 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , 2011, . pp. 2463-2472. https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979302
Castellucci, Steven J., MacKenzie, I. Scott (2011): Gathering text entry metrics on android devices. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2011 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , 2011, . pp. 1507-1512. https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1979742.1979799
MacKenzie, I. Scott, Soukoreff, R. William, Helga, Joanna (2011): 1 thumb, 4 buttons, 20 words per minute: design and evaluation of H4-writer. In: Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology , 2011, . pp. 471-480. https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2047196.2047258
Teather, Robert J., Pavlovych, Andriy, Stuerzlinger, Wolfgang, MacKenzie, I. Scott (2009): Effects of tracking technology, latency, and spatial jitter on object movement. In: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces , 2009, . pp. 43-50.